The Evolution of Foraging Rate across Local and Geographic Gradients in Predation Risk and Competition

摘要: AbstractMultiple theories predict the evolution of foraging rates in response to environmental variation predation risk, intraspecific competition, time constraints, and temperature. We tested six hypotheses for rate 24 spotted salamander (Ambystoma maculatum) populations from three latitudinally divergent sites using structural equation models derived theory applied our system. raised larvae a common-garden experiment then assayed under controlled conditions. Gape-limited risk marbled salamanders solely explained among at southern site, which was dominated by this form selection. However, middle northern sites, evolved different depending on their unique responses local density. The coupling gape-limited high density site jointly contributed ...