Nonmotor manifestations in Parkinson disease.
作者： Oscar Bernal-Pacheco , Natlada Limotai , Criscely L. Go , Hubert H. Fernandez
DOI: 10.1097/NRL.0B013E31823D7ABB
关键词:
摘要: Background:Although the diagnosis of Parkinson disease (PD) still relies mainly on appearance its classical motor features resting tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia, and postural instability, nonmotor manifestations in PD are now recognized as an integral component this multisystem disorde
wkhealth.com参考文章(282)
Marcelo Merello, Sialorrhoea and drooling in patients with Parkinson's disease: epidemiology and management. Drugs & Aging. ,vol. 25, pp. 1007- 1019 ,(2008) , 10.2165/0002512-200825120-00003
J. A. Castell, D. O. Castell, Qun Li, B. T. Johnston, Swallowing and esophageal function in Parkinson's disease The American Journal of Gastroenterology. ,vol. 90, pp. 1741- 1746 ,(1995)
Phillips Ka, Keck Pe, McElroy Sl, Kleptomania, compulsive buying, and binge-eating disorder. The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry. ,vol. 56, pp. 14- 27 ,(1995)
The DSM-III-R impulse control disorders not elsewhere classified: clinical characteristics and relationship to other psychiatric disorders. American Journal of Psychiatry. ,vol. 149, pp. 318- 327 ,(1992) , 10.1176/AJP.149.3.318
The use of risperidone for psychosis and agitation in demented patients with Parkinson's disease. Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences. ,vol. 9, pp. 594- ,(1997) , 10.1176/JNP.9.4.594
B. Högl, M. Saletu, E. Brandauer, S. Glatzl, B. Frauscher, K. Seppi, H. Ulmer, G. Wenning, W. Poewe, Modafinil for the treatment of daytime sleepiness in Parkinson's disease: a double-blind, randomized, crossover, placebo-controlled polygraphic trial. Sleep. ,vol. 25, pp. 905- 909 ,(2002) , 10.1093/SLEEP/25.8.62
Lorraine Olson Ramig, Cynthia Fox, Shimon Sapir, Parkinson's disease: speech and voice disorders and their treatment with the Lee Silverman Voice Treatment. Seminars in Speech and Language. ,vol. 25, pp. 169- 180 ,(2004) , 10.1055/S-2004-825653
Anxiety and Parkinson's disease. Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences. ,vol. 8, pp. 383- ,(1996) , 10.1176/JNP.8.4.383
Levodopa-induced psychosis: a kindling phenomenon. American Journal of Psychiatry. ,vol. 135, pp. 669- 675 ,(1978) , 10.1176/AJP.135.6.669
Irene H Richard, Anxiety disorders in Parkinson's disease. Advances in Neurology. ,vol. 96, pp. 42- 55 ,(2005)