Do the clothes make the criminal? The influence of clothing match on identification accuracy in showups

摘要: Abstract Showups, a single suspect identification, are thought to be more suggestive procedure than traditional lineups by the U.S. Supreme Court and social science researchers. Previous research typically finds that clothing match in showup identifications increases false identifications. However, these experiments do not allow for determination of whether this increase arises from change response bias, reduced discriminability, or both. In present study, participants viewed mock crime video made identification with either mismatch. Contrary prior research, best discriminability occurred when guilty innocent suspects wore matched worn during crime. A also resulted liberal bias. The results consistent principle encoding specificity outshining hypothesis, as instantiated item, context, ensemble theory. Practical implications discussed.