Modeling of Ground Deformation Associated with Recent Lateral Eruptions: Mechanics of Magma Ascent and Intermediate Storage at Mt. Etna

摘要: The last twenty years have been a very active time in the eruptive history of Mt. Etna. Both summit and flank or lateral eruptions occurred repeatedly, but main magma discharge came from eruptions. In this work, results are reported fitting analytic models deformation sources by inversion ground data recorded different geodetic techniques (electro-optical distance measurements EDM, leveling, tilt, GPS). various obtained, either single double sources, indicate that related to feeding mechanisms such as deep intrusions, with emplacement lasting only few days (2001) up several months (1981) prolonged inflation intermediate storage chamber volcano followed rapid shallow intrusion eruption (1989) extended (1991-93). principal conclusions suggested modeling discussed. A revealing feature, common all modeled eruptions, is their final both near-surface at depth, take place within volcanic edifice an approximately NNW-SSE N-S direction, which coincides tectonic trend crossing volcano. Another important conclusion, supported associated 1991-93 eruption, present beneath Etna located 3 km below sea level (b.s.1.). Finally, we discuss 1993-2001, included explosive culminating 2001 eruption.