Atmospheric regimes and trends on exoplanets and brown dwarfs

摘要: A planetary atmosphere is the outer gas layer of a planet. Besides its scientific significance among first and most accessible layers observed from space, it closely connected with formation evolution, surface interior processes, habitability planets. Current theories were primarily obtained through studies eight large planets, Pluto three moons (Io, Titan, Triton) in Solar System. Outside System, more than four thousand extra-solar planets (exoplanets) two brown dwarfs have been confirmed our galaxy, their population rapidly growing. The rich information these exotic bodies offers database to test, statistical sense, fundamental climates. Here we review current knowledge atmospheres exoplanets recent observations theories. This highlights important regimes trends an ensemble as initial step towards fully characterizing diverse substellar atmospheres, that illustrates underlying principles critical problems. Insights are analysis dependence atmospheric characteristics on basic parameters. Dominant processes influence stability, energy transport, temperature, composition, flow pattern discussed elaborated simple scaling laws. We dedicate this Dr. Adam P. Showman (1968-2020) recognition his contribution understanding dynamics giant exoplanets, dwarfs.