Reproduction of Poxviruses

摘要: The poxviruses are distinguished principally by their unusual morphology, large DNA genome, and cytoplasmic site of replication. Smallpox, which is caused variola virus, was recognized many centuries ago as a distinct disease entity because its striking symptoms high mortality. Elimination the from most parts world stemmed in measure classic report Jenner 1798 on smallpox vaccination. Approximately 80 years have passed since poxvirions were observed microscopy, it about 35 vaccinia obtained purified state for chemical characterization. Studies with been greatly facilitated replication, ability some members group to rapidly terminate host macromolecular synthesis. Biosynthetic events temporally regulated, an ordered sequence development begins apparent de novo formation viral membranes. Further proceeds morphopoietic processes that complexity resemble cell or organelle differentiation. resulting virions contain, addition genomes, proteins, enzymatic functions, lipids, small amounts carbohydrate. Several reviews describing knowledge regarding poxvirus replication 1966–1968 published (Joklik, 1966, 1968; Fenner, Woodson, McAuslan, 1969a). This chapter, although intended comprehensive review, emphasizes biochemical aspects reproduction under active investigation during past five years.