Current status of adoptive immunotherapy of cancer.

摘要: Abstract The sentinel observations made by William B. Coley, M.D. in the 1890s that patients with malignancies can respond to intratumoral inoculation of live bacterial organisms or toxins became cornerstone for development immunotherapy cancers. It has been repeatedly demonstrated tumors express unique proteins which trigger an immune response. adoptive transfer cells host established malignancy mediate complete eradication local disseminated and result systemic immunity. This review summarizes current experimental as well clinical status cancer. There are a number different methods isolate tumor-reactive T from tumor-bearing allow their ex vivo expansion. A new direction this field includes attempts up-regulate immunogenicity genetically modifying tumor immunoregulatory peptides (i.e. cytokines, co-stimulatory molecules, etc.) order exploit endogenously weak responses autochthonous tumors. Other directions involve developing generate subsets selective vitro stimulation superantigens) genetic engineering activated enhance ability destruction. Although thus far added little routine treatment human cancer, it is likely continued efforts at defining elements involved cell recognition destruction will broaden applicability important therapeutic reagents.