pH-sensitive liposomes in nuclear targeting of macromolecules.

摘要: Publisher Summary This chapter reviews methods of delivery macromolecules from the endosome to cytosol and selective targeting nucleus using nuclear localization signals. At intracellular level, pH endosomes lysosomes is lower than that other organelles. Conventional liposomes are taken up by endocytosis. Therefore, pH-sensitive can be used for cytosolic liposomally-encapsulated substances after internalization acidification endosomal pH. The utilizes a liposome composed dioleoylphosphatidylethanolamine (DOPE) cholesterylhemisuccinate (CHEMS). DOPE, which generally considered fusogenic lipid, has small polar group within molecule adopt an inverted cone shape, confers properties with respect membrane. Most take advantage this property. CHEMS weak acid plays role sensor in system. negative charge at neutral but uncharged acidic range, because it protonated. Uncharged cannot maintain stability bilayer structure, DOPE tends undergo structural change structure hexagonal (H II ) structure.