Evaluation and treatment of hypernatremia: a practical guide for physicians.

摘要: Hypernatremia (serum sodium concentration >145 mEq/L) is a common electrolyte disorder with increased morbidity and mortality especially in the elderly critically ill patients. The review presents main pathogenetic mechanisms of hypernatremia, provides specific directions for evaluation patients levels describes detailed algorithm proper correction hypernatremia. Furthermore, two representative cases hypovolemic hypervolemic hypernatremia are presented along practical clues their treatment. Accurate diagnosis appropriate treatment crucial since undercorrection or overcorrection both associated poor patients' prognosis.