Androgen Receptors in Human Prostate Cancer: Heterogeneous Expression, Gene Mutations, and Polymorphic Variants

摘要: Prostate cancer is the most commonly diagnosed in men United States; it estimated that there will be 244,000 new cases of prostate 1995, accounting for 36% (Wingo et al., 1995). second leading cause deaths American men, with 40,000 from States 1995 Most patients have no known risk factors, neither disease development, nor to predict whether tumor slow growing or aggressive. Based on belief many cancers are and not aggressive, one approach management watchful waiting (Catalona, 1994; Chodak, 1994). With advent screening, increased numbers (Carter Coffey, 1990; Oesterling, 1991), thereby increasing need indicators assessment. In general, high-grade (based histologic appearance) associated aggressiveness, however, tumors moderate grade, where predictive power lacking (Whitmore, 1973; Partin 1989). There an urgent distinguish between indolent aggressive forms so latter group can aggressively treated when volume low opportunity cure best.