"Bird biting" mosquitoes and human disease: a review of the role of Culex pipiens complex mosquitoes in epidemiology.

摘要: The transmission of vector-borne pathogens is greatly influenced by the ecology their vector, which in turn shaped genetic ancestry, environment, and hosts that are fed on. One group vectors, mosquitoes Culex pipiens complex, play key roles a range including several viruses such as West Nile St. Louis encephalitis viruses, avian malaria (Plasmodium spp.), filarial worms. Cx. complex includes with two forms, molestus, pallens, quinquefasciatus, australicus, globocoxitus. While members have limited geographic distributions, quinquefasciatus found all known urban sub-urban temperate tropical regions, respectively, across world, where they often principal disease vectors. In addition, hybrids common areas overlap. Although gaps our knowledge still remain, advent tools has enhanced understanding history speciation, domestication, dispersal, hybridization. We review taxonomy, genetics, evolution, behavior, role medically important pathogens. adaptation to human-altered environments led global distribution through dispersal via humans and, combined mixed feeding patterns on birds mammals (including humans), increased humans. highlight unanswered questions will increase ability control diseases transmitted these mosquitoes.