Localization and effects of cadmium in leaves of a cadmium-tolerant willow (Salix viminalis L.). Part II Microlocalization and cellular effects of cadmium

摘要: Abstract Leaves largely control the phytoextraction of cadmium in terrestrial ecosystems but can be injured by toxicity. Cadmium sinks at cell and tissue level vary between different species plants. has several still debated direct indirect toxic effects on leaf physiology. In this study, microlocalization associated structural changes were investigated leaves a tolerant clone Salix viminalis to assess distribution, stress tolerance. Rooted stem cuttings exposed during 13 weeks hydroponics increasing concentrations CdCl2 (0–200 μM). was cytochemically revealed with method physical development from 0, 10 50 μM treatment. The resulting cellular injuries defence reactions analyzed histochemical techniques using light fluorescence microscopy. main sink pectin-rich layers collenchyma walls veins. Active storage indicated homogeneous wall thickenings cellulose proanthocyanidins. injury conducting phloem metal cycling. blade, oxidative accelerated senescence increased those areas mesophyll low content. Local accumulation veinlets near edges caused tannin plugging xylem necroses surrounding upper epidermis. When approached saturation, random appeared sites blade. Higher exposure also enhanced intensity reactions. role markers binding mitigation is discussed.