Chapter 18 Modification of reflexes in normal and abnormal movements

摘要: Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the modification of reflexes in normal and abnormal movements. The trajectories observed for limb during human locomotion are described by a mixture influences, some arising from neural circuits entirely within central nervous system others variety sensory receptors. Muscle highly modulated an adaptive manner each phase step cycle. modulation can be modified quickly different tasks, such as standing, walking, running, probably changes presynaptic inhibition. is often lost or severely reduced patients with spasticity after spinal cord head injury. In subjects, cutaneous completely reversed exciting to inhibiting muscle cycle, particularly muscles that normally show two bursts activity per cycle (for e.g, tibialis anterior). patients, stimulation mixed nerve common peroneal) directly produce contraction, generate reflex response (flex reflex), reduce antagonist (extensor) muscles. Thus, simple systems employing enhance gait certain extent incomplete injuries.