Radiation‐induced microRNA: Discovery, functional analysis, and cancer radiotherapy

摘要: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-protein coding RNA that play an important role in gene regulation. These molecules function as post-transcriptional regulators. miRNAs bind to complementary sequences on target messenger transcripts, usually resulting translational repression or mRNA degradation and silencing. miRNA abundantly present all human cells, approximately 60% of genes, able repress hundreds targets each. Since their discovery 1993 emerging modulators cellular pathways such growth proliferation, apoptosis, carcinogenesis, timing cell-fate decision, metabolic pathways. A large number studies have examined the general specific effects perturbation radiation-exposed cells. include expression profiling miRNA, functional analysis, tumor radiosensitivity, targeting for improved cancer radiotherapy. Other explored involvement radiobiological phenomenon like bystander effect. Emerging evidence is establishing involved regulating radiation-induced processes, can be exploited improve radiation therapy, could serve biomarkers exposure.