Afghan Women in Exile and Repatriation Passive Victims or Social Actors

摘要: In-depth interviews with 60 repatriated Afghan refugee women on their experiences before and duringwar exile revealed significant roles responsibilities. Thewomen were active in protection, safety, survival, the reestablishment of families during this time. Contrary to media presentations as helpless victims, they social actors who used networks face challenges war, supported exile, participated repatriation. Themes that emerged included significance cultural religious norms expectations, entitlement receive support, obligation provide support within family ethnic community. The women's stories reflect resilience times stress optimism for future based faith. Religion culture are two important elements developing work practice aftermath war