Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Renal Fibrosis: The Flame of Cytotherapy.

摘要: Renal fibrosis, as the fundamental pathological process of chronic kidney disease (CKD), is a pathologic extension normal wound healing characterized by endothelium injury, myofibroblast activation, macrophage migration, inflammatory signaling stimulation, matrix deposition, and remodelling. Yet, current method treating renal fibrosis fairly limited, including angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition, angiotensin receptor blockade, optimal blood pressure control, sodium bicarbonate for metabolic acidosis. MSCs are pluripotent adult stem cells that can differentiate into various types tissue lineages, such cartilage (chondrocytes), bone (osteoblasts), fat (adipocytes), muscle (myocytes). Because their many advantages like ubiquitous sources, convenient procurement collection, low immunogenicity, adverse effects, with special identification markers, mesenchymal MSC-based therapy getting more attention. Based on mechanism mostly participate throughout fibrotic process. According to latest overall literature reviews, we aim elucidate antifibrotic mechanisms effects diverse sources assess efficacy safety in preliminarily clinical application, answer controversial questions, provide novel ideas MSC cellular fibrosis.