Poland: Complying with EU Environmental Legislation

摘要: This report examines the implications for Poland of complying with European Union's environmental directives. It starts by discussing importance establishing efficient institutions to set policies, enforce legislation and monitor results. Improving institutional capacity will not be financially costly, but require significant investments effort time. The then assesses likely effect EU directives on private sector, concluding that, certain exceptions, should affect competitiveness Polish industry. third section discusses costs public investment program mandated rules. estimates that between US$ 22 billion 43 required, depending how are interpreted in Poland. If operations maintenance included spread over life investments, total annualized come 120 270 per person year twenty years. highlights substantial cost different interpretations also outlines ways which might phase greatest local benefit. fourth chapter addresses options financing this investment, including making best use grant environment. finds price rises manageable households if phased a long compliance period flexibly.