What has molecular epidemiology ever done for wildlife disease research? Past contributions and future directions

摘要: The increasing availability of novel molecular techniques has transformed the study human health and disease epidemiology. However, uptake such approaches been more conservative in field wildlife We consider reasons for this discuss current potential applications a variety relevant areas within research. These include conducting surveillance, identifying sources pathogen emergence, uncovering host-pathogen dynamics managing outbreaks, including development monitoring vaccines. highlight key examples epidemiological to scenarios draw parallels from research suggest future directions. value next generation sequencing technologies is discussed, initial are highlighted, balanced against consideration challenges involved. Using wide range drawn into human, livestock diseases, we demonstrate using at all scales research, strains circulating global scale intra-individual dynamics. contribution these epidemiology substantial. In particular, they likely play an increasingly important role helping us address principal challenge management diseases which how tease apart transmission complex multi-host systems order develop effective sustainable interventions.