Pediatric Perfusion Techniques for Complex Congenital Cardiac Surgery

摘要: Motivated by the inadequacy of nonsurgical therapy in ameliorating congenital cardiac disease, surgical pioneers 1940s and 1950s began to develop techniques that would allow for intracardiac repair heart disease. The first operation on open human under direct vision—closure an atrial septal defect (ASD) a 5-year-old girl—was performed at University Minnesota Dr. F. John Lewis September 2nd, 1952 (1). This was using inflow stasis moderate total body hypothermia. Within 1 year, reported closure 11 ASDs with only 18% mortality (2). success, however, could not be extended more complex defects without system extracorporeal oxygenation perfusion. On May 6, 1953, Gibbon used his successfully close ASD young woman (3). Despite this initial attempts mechanical cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) were uniformly dismal; 18 cases between 1951 1954, variety methods CPB (film oxygenators, bubble monkey lungs), those survived (4–10). Faced these results, alternative perfusion pursued, March 26, C. Walton Lillehei colleagues closed ventricular (VSD) 12-month-old infant controlled cross-circulation patient’s father functioning as oxygenator (11).