The effects of captivity on the morphology of captive, domesticated and feral mammals

摘要: The effects of captivity on the behaviour wild and domestic animals have been relatively well studied, but little has published morphological changes in captivity. We review evidence for a wide variety mammalian taxa, with non- examples where relevant. 2. consider process domestication, compare both hard soft tissues captive those their counterparts. These include skull shape differences, brain size reduction, postcranial adaptations digestive tract changes. 3. also summarize studies that looked at change feral comparison ancestors, use as an analogue captive-bred released into wild. 4. then discuss importance this work wider aims conservation endangered species breeding over many generations, emphasize impor- tance studying these now, while species, is just beginning rather than generations down line, or immediately prior to release, survival may be severely compromised.