Contraceptive choice, sexually transmitted diseases, HIV infection, and future fecundity.

摘要: Because contraception affects not only the risk of unplanned pregnancy but also that sexually transmitted infections choice particular methods is important to future fertility. However certain trade-offs are necessary. Contraceptives with best record preventing provide little protection against diseases (STDs). Conversely those barrier higher failure rates for can reduce acquiring or transmitting an STD. For example condoms used correctly and consistently infection. Although spermicides lower genital tract bacterial STDs their effectiveness HIV still unknown. In contrast IUD associated increased developing upper infection primarily in first month after insertion. Current literature raises paradoxical questions regarding role hormonal pelvic inflammatory disease. Moreover epidemiological studies equivocal public health value recommending dual one prevent other STDs. Investigations date have focused on use male condom added contraception. general where participants were using primary than more effective contraceptive method was level consistent condom. Continued biologic behavioral research will be necessary disentangle these complex relationships. (authors)