Lipid peroxidation: Pathophysiological and pharmacological implications in the eye

摘要: Oxygen-derived free radicals such as hydroxyl and hydroperoxyl species have been shown to oxidize phospholipids other membrane lipid components leading peroxidation. In the eye, peroxidation has reported play an important role in degenerative ocular diseases (age-related macular degeneration, cataract, glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy). Indeed, tissues are prone damage from reactive oxygen due stress constant exposure of eye sunlight, atmospheric environmental chemicals. Furthermore, radical catalyzed long chain polyunsaturated acids (LCPUFAs) arachidonic acid docosahexaenoic leads generation LCPUFA metabolites including isoprostanes neuroprostanes that may further exert pharmacological/toxicological actions tissues. Evidence literature supports presence endogenous defense mechanisms against thereby presenting new avenues for prevention treatment degeneration. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) synthetic peroxides can pharmacological toxicological effects on anterior uvea several mammalian species. There is evidence suggesting retina, especially retinal ganglion cells exhibit unique characteristics antioxidant mechanisms. posterior segment H2O2 produce inhibitory action glutamate release (using [3H]-D-aspartate a marker), vitro glycine concentrations vivo. addition peroxides, elicit both excitatory norepinephrine (NE) sympathetic nerves isolated iris ciliary bodies. Whereas attenuate dopamine neural vitro, these novel biphasic regulatory effect retina