Genetic structure of the common impala (Aepyceros melampus melampus) in South Africa: phylogeography and implications for conservation

作者: Patrick Schwab , Paul V Debes , Thorsten Witt , Günther B Hartl , San San Hmwe

DOI: 10.1111/J.1439-0469.2011.00638.X

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摘要: We analysed 131 common impala (Aepyceros melampus melampus) samples from two provinces in South Africa (Limpopo and KwaZulu-Natal) that are separated by the Drakensberg Mountain Range using sequences of mitochondrial control region seven polymorphic nuclear microsatellite loci. In line with earlier studies on bovid species, we found very high values genetic diversity, particularly at mtDNA locus an overall nucleotide diversity 3.6% haplotype 0.98. All statistical approaches confirmed a significant population differentiation between Limpopo KwaZulu-Natal, suggesting areas unsuitable habitat caused presence Indian Ocean coastal belt act as barrier to gene flow. Only few individuals signs admixed origin were indicative translocations or rare migration provinces. Combination our data set those previous south-western, southern eastern revealed highest Africa. This is hypothesis glacial refuge which various African ungulate species spread northeast during Holocene, although case further analyses based larger sets will be necessary definitively settle this question. Zusammenfassung Anhand genetischer Daten (mitochondriale Kontrollregion und sieben nukleare Mikrosatellitenloci) wurden Impalas aus den durch die Drakensberge voneinander getrennten sudafrikanischen Provinzen KwaZulu-Natal untersucht. Im Einklang mit fruheren Studien Boviden fanden wir eine sehr hohe genetische Variabilitat, insbesondere fur mitochondrialen Locus Gesamtnukleotid- Haplotypendiversitaten von Samtliche statistischen Ansatze zeigten signifikante Differenzierung zwischen Populationen KwaZulu-Natal. Insbesondere scheinen als Migrationsbarriere zu wirken. Wenige Individuen genomische Anteile beider Provinzen, was auf seltenen naturlichen Genflus oder Translokationen hinweist. Die Kombination unserer denen fruherer dem sudwestlichen, sudlichen ostlichen Afrika zeigten, das Art Sudafrika hochste Variabilitat aufweist. Dies steht der Hypothese eines Glazialrefugiums, sich verschiedene afrikanische Huftiere im Holozan nach Nordosten ausgebreitet haben.

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