Dioxins: diagnostic and prognostic challenges arising from complex mechanisms

摘要: Dioxins are ubiquitous environmental challenges to humans, with a pervasiveness that arises from two hundred years of rapid industrialization and mechanization Western societies which is now extending into the developing world. Despite their penetrance human biota, these compounds poorly understood in terms true physiological potential for harm, mechanisms by they impact cellular organ level function only recently becoming clear. Emerging awareness chronic exposures toxins may have generational subtle effects on outcomes diseases such as cancer diabetes, already multifactorial highly complex, creates context current review paper. Here, we summarize dioxin exposure paradigms resulting been documented animals humans. Novel insights endogenous end exogenous ligands, well ligands acute processes, discussed. We develop idea diagnosis exposure, subtleties prognosis long term problems requiring researchers leverage power genomics epigenetics. However, continuation longitudinal epidemiological studies development firmer basis extrapolate animal will be critical ensuring optimal insight resource-intensive techniques.