Pharmacogenomics–Pharmacoepigenomics of Breast Cancer Therapy: Clinical Implications

摘要: Breast cancer is the most common type of and one leading causes death for women. Therapeutic options breast include tamoxifen, aromatase inhibitors, fulvestrant, chemotherapy, monoclonal antibodies, tyrosine-kinase mTOR VEGF inhibitors. Thus, endocrine therapy reduces risk recurrence improves survival among women with hormone receptor-positive cancer. However, a significant percentage who receive in adjuvant or metastatic setting do not benefit from this therapy, while number respond will eventually develop disease progression relapse on therapy. For example, 30 % early patients treated tamoxifen acquire resistance relapse. The observed variability treatment response to targeted could be partly explained by pharmacogenomics–pharmacoepigenomics, i.e., study genetic variation drug response. At nucleotide level, due polymorphisms, large insertions, deletions, duplications. Polymorphisms represent variations DNA sequence that may lead reduced activity encoded gene but, some cases, increased activities. single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), microsatellites, mini-satellites. Pharmacoepigenetics novel field research, possible relevance treatment.