Reactive and Additive Modifications of Styrenic Polymers with Phosphorus-Containing Compounds and Their Effects on Fire Retardance.

摘要: Polystyrene, despite its high flammability, is widely used as a thermal insulation material for buildings, food packaging, in electrical and automotive industries, etc. A number of modification routes have been explored to improve the fire retardance boost stability commercially important styrene-based polymeric products. The earlier strategies mostly involved use halogenated retardants. Nowadays, these compounds are considered be persistent pollutants that hazardous public environmental health. Many well-known halogen-based retardants, regardless their chemical structures modes action, withdrawn from built environments European Union, USA, Canada. This had triggered growing research interest in, an industrial demand for, halogen-free alternatives, which not only will reduce flammability but also address toxicity bioaccumulation issues. Among possible options, phosphorus-containing received greater attention due excellent fire-retarding efficiencies environmentally friendly attributes. Numerous reports were published on reactive additive modifications polystyrene different forms, particularly last decade; hence, current article aims provide critical review publications. authors mainly intend focus chemistries phosphorous compounds, with P atom being environments, either reactive, or additive, retardants materials. pathways mechanisms behind discussed this review.