Assessing the Climate Trade-Offs of Gasoline Direct Injection Engines.
作者： Naomi Zimmerman , Jonathan M. Wang , Cheol-Heon Jeong , James S. Wallace , Greg J. Evans
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摘要: Compared to port fuel injection (PFI) engine exhaust, gasoline direct (GDI) exhaust has higher emissions of black carbon (BC), a climate-warming pollutant. However, the relative increase in BC and climate trade-offs replacing PFI vehicles with more efficient GDI remain uncertain. In this study, from were compiled scenarios developed evaluate impact using global warming potential (GWP) temperature (GTP) metrics. From 20 year time horizon GWP analysis, average economy improvements ranging 0.14 14% are required offset BC-induced warming. For all but lowest scenario, installing particulate filter an 80% removal efficiency <1% penalty is beneficial. GTP-based it was also determined that beneficial within <1–20 years; longer horizons we...
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