Interactions of physical training and heat acclimation. The thermophysiology of exercising in a hot climate.

摘要: Physical training and heat acclimation are both commonly adopted tactics to improve performance and/or tolerance times when individuals must compete or work in the heat. Potential benefits include: (i) improved aerobic fitness thus a greater cardiovascular reserve (probably seen mainly after training); (ii) lower resting body temperature that allows storage acclimation); (iii) decreased energy cost of given intensity exercise (seen also as learning component (iv) an enhanced sweating response at percentage maximal effort developed by treatments); (v) slower increase owing [seen treatments]; (vi) reduced stress because changes autonomic nervous system realised training), expansion blood volume treatments) peripheral pooling found (vii) subjective reflecting decrease relative activity reduction physiological strain (found habituation heat-exercise treatments). Factors affecting improvements psychological responses set conditions individual’s initial acclimatisation heat; age, gender, hydration, sleep deprivation, circadian rhythms women menstrual cycle; use ergogenic aids such fluid ingestion, carbohydrate electrolyte replacement doping; event test mode exercise, severity environmental type clothing worn; treatment intensity, duration frequency exposure, length any rest intervals cumulative depletion water minerals.