Advancements in endoscopic imaging for the detection of esophageal dysplasia and carcinoma

摘要: Advanced esophageal cancer, whether squamous cell or adenocarcinoma associated with Barrett's disease, carries a dismal prognosis. Dysplasia and early carcinoma, however, are amenable to surgery endotherapy using techniques such as endoscopic resection, photodynamic therapy, radiofrequency ablation. Therefore, the detection of dysplasia neoplasia is one most important goals gastrointestinal endoscopy. This article will review several imaging technologies that have been developed enhance visualization mucosal glandular vascular changes neoplasia, including use chromoendoscopy vital dyes stains. Also, reviewed in this innovations received regulatory approval, commercially available, supported by controlled clinical studies confirming their utility, high-resolution endoscopy "virtual chromendoscopy" narrow band imaging. The confocal laser endomicroscopy be discussed, device provides real-time, histology-like information cellular architecture. These move us closer reality an "optical biopsy," tissue biopsy diagnosis made unit. In addition emphasizing practical aspects these techniques, summarize other advanced await commercial availability, validation.