Endre Hőgyes (1847-1906), Forgotten Father of the Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex.

摘要: Objective Throughout the history of vestibular research, discovery vestibulo-ocular reflex in 1881 by Endre Hőgyes (1847-1906) is rarely mentioned. The aim this study to review Hőgyes' research articles, all originally written Hungarian and emphasize their epoch-making content. Main data sources publications, Hungarian, which describe various eye movements rabbit response stimulation rotation about three axes. Results was first use a three-axis turntable on an experimental animal, case rabbit. He found that depending plane rotation, different types binocular were produced. then demonstrated destructive excitatory experiments, anatomical pathways physiological function producing phenomenon. Ultimately, he explained exact connections between inner ear labyrinth certain muscle contractions during movements. identified pathway as "associating center ocular movements," later defined reflex. only superficially noted his lifetime ignored after death. Conclusion demonstrate forgotten ensuing 140 years probably because articles appeared short time later, Robert Barany's award Nobel Prize overshadowed many predecessors contemporaries, including relegated them background.