Mechanobiology of the Meniscus

摘要: The meniscus plays a critical biomechanical role in the knee, providing load support, joint stability, and congruity. Importantly, growing evidence indicates that mechanobiologic response of meniscal cells physiologic, pathologic, repair responses meniscus. Here we review experimental theoretical studies have begun to directly measure effects loading on under physiologic pathologic conditions, showing menisci are exposed high contact stresses, resulting complex nonuniform stress-strain environment within tissue. By combining microscale measurements mechanical properties their pericellular extracellular matrix regions, models indicate inhomogeneous stress, strain, fluid pressure, flow, variety physicochemical factors. Studies across range culture systems from isolated tissues revealed biological is influenced by physical factors, such as tension, compression, hydrostatic pressure. In addition, these provided new insights into mechanotransduction mechanisms which signals converted metabolic or pro/anti-inflammatory responses. Taken together, vivo vitro show factors play an important health, degeneration, regeneration A more thorough understanding will hopefully lead therapeutic approaches prevent degeneration enhance