Exhaust emissions from ships at berth

摘要: Abstract Emission measurements have been carried out on board six ships at berth during normal real-world operation (hotelling, unloading and loading activities). The study included three passenger ferries, one transoceanic container/ro-ro, car/truck carrier, chemical tanker. Emissions were measured from 22 auxiliary engines (AEs, medium high-speed marine diesels) covering seven engine models ranging in size 720 to 2675 kW maximum output. fuels varied low sulphur gasoils ( 2.91 cst viscosity) through residual oils 411 viscosity). Both specific emission factors g kWh −1 ) a given load total emissions (kg) of nitrogen oxides (NOx), dioxide, carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, particulate matter (PM) polyaromatic hydrocarbons actual harbour stops determined. In addition, some preliminary investigate PM distributions undertaken. showed significant variations between the different also within same model ship. For example NOx 9.6 20.2 corr all 14.2– 18.6 fuel. Other boiler use possible main warm-up prior departure general expected be considerably less than those AEs. results obtained for ferries demonstrate that empirically derived, formulae using dead weight tonnage can prove cost-effective accurate tool inventories.