Sputum cytopathology: use and potential in monitoring the workplace environment by screening for biological effects of exposure.

摘要: Sputum cytopathologic monitoring detects squamous cell lung cancers at an extremely early stage (x-ray negative). It holds further potential for preventing disease by detecting epithelial alterations which reflect environmental hazards. The addition of sputum cytology screening to chest x-ray film does not significantly reduce mortality from all types cancer, but preliminary analysis Johns Hopkins Lung Project data suggests that carcinoma is reduced. Quantitative automated cytopathology systems and biochemical/immunological markers enhance understanding these precursors offer great promise increasing capacity, accuracy, usefulness in workers. Cytological specimens collected over years workers considered risk may be important eventually development prevention major occupational diseases.