Precursor B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

摘要: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a heterogeneous group of disorders caused by clonal expansion immature lymphoid cells. The overall age-adjusted incidence approximately 1.6 per 100,000 persons, with higher rates among children and adolescents than in adults. Diagnosis based on bone marrow (BM) morphology, immunophenotyping flow cytometry and/or immunohistochemistry, identification chromosomal/genetic abnormalities cytogenetic or molecular genetic analysis. Precursor-B ALL, characterized malignant proliferation B-lineage cells, comprises the majority all leukemias both adults children. Treatment ALL involves multiple agents given complex regimen, typically lasting 2–3 years involving numerous chemotherapeutic different mechanisms action. – Patients who achieve clinical remission (<5% blasts BM) after an initial month-long induction phase receive intensified consolidation to eliminate residual leukemic blasts, maintenance therapy suppress re-emergence therapy-resistant clones.