Ethanol and its metabolites: update on toxicity, benefits, and focus on immunomodulatory effects

摘要: This article summarizes recent experimental and epidemiological data on the toxic beneficial effects of ethanol its metabolites (acetaldehyde), focuses their immunomodulatory effects. The section dealing with alcohol chronic toxicity (liver disorders, carcinogenic effects, cardiovascular neuropsychic addiction withdrawal syndrome, hematologic reprotoxicity, osteoporosis) although acute is considered. role oxidative metabolism by dehydrogenase, cytochrome P450 2E1, aldehyde as well impact genetic polymorphism in physiopathology are also highlighted. low to moderate consumption (on system, diabetes, nervous system sensory organs, autoimmune diseases, rheumatology) highlights importance anti-inflammatory these observations. knowledge, enriched a focus metabolites, particular NLRP3 inflammasome pathway, might facilitate development treatments that can reduce ethanol’s harmful or accentuate