Breeding failure induces large scale prospecting movements in the black-legged kittiwake

摘要: Abstract Before making dispersal decisions, many species are known to gather social information by prospecting potential future breeding sites, especially when they have failed breeding. So far, the role of current performance on occurrence movements has mainly been studied at limited spatial scales, because difficulties in tracking free-ranging, fast-moving individuals between distant patches. Little is thus available individual behaviour and extent response failure. To address this issue, black-legged kittiwakes which success was manipulated were tracked with GPS end incubation two Norwegian colonies. Crucially, as predicted, visits other colonies recorded 33% artificially-failed breeders, but never successful ones. They occurred large (40 km) well local scales (1 km). Time-budgets breeders differed significantly terms trip duration, also foraging, resting nesting propensities. These results provide important elements assess trade-offs activities. show that a substantial proportion prospect early within week after failure egg stage suggest these their options reproduction alternative areas, although decisions may involve more complex behavioural processes. Because link situated tens kilometres apart, critical implications for dynamics subdivided populations.