作者: G. Ade
DOI: 10.1016/S0065-2539(08)60072-4
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摘要: Publisher Summary This chapter discusses digital techniques in electron off-axis holography. The reconstruction of holograms provides a powerful means for quantitative determination the object function interest. leads to variety practical applications, such as observation microscopic magnetic structures and thickness measurements on an atomic scale. problem generating with high contrast sufficient number fine fringes enable recording at resolution about 0.1 nm can be overcome by employing modern microscopes high-brightness guns taking careful measures against instabilities. difficulties connected photographic hologram, noise nonlinearity process, reduced large extent if hologram is recorded electronically.