Conspecific alarm cues induce an alternative reproductive strategy in aquatic oligochaetes

摘要: Although strategies that increase the survival of a predator attack have been widely observed, strategy altering reproductive effort under predation threats has not well documented. A switch to sexual reproduction or an increased asexual rate may be inducible antipredator in animals are capable both and reproduction. The results laboratory experiments with two oligochaete species, Stylaria lacustris (L.) Nais christinae Kasprzak, indicated rate, less typical response alarm cues from conspecifics, is employed by Naididae worms. oligochaetes species exposed conspecific also used additional length at fission consequently parental worms descendants after fission. body appears beneficial case sublethal invertebrates. similar life history changes observed these universal adaptation against diverse predators abundant littoral zone.