Fluid shifts and hydration state: effects of long-term exercise.

摘要: During exercise, increased capillary hydrostatic pressure caused by elevation of arterial produces plasma volume shifts from the vascular space to interstitial fluids. Following a rapid efflux fluid within minutes there is very little further reduction in during long-term suggesting protective mechanisms against loss circulating blood volume. These probably include increasing protein oncotic pressure, differences peripheral vasoconstriction active muscles and inactive tissues, elevated lymph flow. The interaction these factors provides optimal thermoregulatory cardiovascular stability. dynamics fluids exercise are altered hydration state. hypovolemia dehydration acts conserve reducing amount shift sweat exercise. consequence less heat dissipation greater In contrast, hypervolemia produced hyperhydration promotes loss, resulting lower body temperature heart rate prolonged work. beneficial effects hyperdydration subsequent manifest adaptation electrolytes training. Thus, with regard training an effective way become hyperhydrated reduce limiting working 'hostile' environments.