Enhanced Medial Collateral Ligament Healing Using Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Dosage Effects on Cellular Response and Cytokine Profile

摘要: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have potential therapeutic applications for musculoskeletal injuries due to their ability differentiate into several tissue cell types and modulate immune inflammatory responses. These immune-modulatory properties were examined in vivo during early stage rat medial collateral ligament healing. Two different doses (low dose 1 × 106 or high 4 MSCs) administered at the time of injury compared with normal healing days 5 14 post-injury. At both times, MSC group demonstrated a significant decrease M2 macrophages controls. day 14, fewer M1 detected low group. results, along changes procollagen I, proliferating cells, endothelialization suggest that MSCs can alter cellular response dose-dependent manner. The higher ligaments also had increased expression pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IFNγ, IL-2) IL-12 14. Mechanical testing revealed failure strength stiffness Based on these improved mechanical properties, enhanced functional when applied lower dose. Different uniquely affected cytokine ligaments. Interestingly, proved be most effective improving properties.