作者: Sarah F. Schillie , Trudy V Murphy , Mark Sawyer , Kathleen Ly , Elizabeth Hughes
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摘要: This report contains CDC guidance that augments the 2011 recommendations of Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) for evaluating hepatitis B protection among health-care personnel (HCP) and administering post-exposure prophylaxis. Explicit is provided persons working, training, or volunteering in settings who have documented (HepB) vaccination years before hire matriculation (e.g., when HepB was received as part routine infant [recommended since 1991] catch-up adolescent 1995] vaccination). In United States, 2,890 cases acute were reported to 2011, an estimated 18,800 new occurred after accounting underreporting asymptomatic infection. Although rate virus (HBV) infections declined approximately 89% during 1990-2011, from 8.5 0.9 per 100,000 population risk occupationally acquired HBV HCP persists, largely exposures patients with chronic ACIP recommends unvaccinated incompletely vaccinated reasonably anticipated blood body fluid exposure. also receive postvaccination serologic testing (antibody surface antigen [anti-HBs]) 1-2 months final dose vaccine administered (CDC. personnel: [ACIP]. MMWR 2011;60 [No. RR-7]). Increasing numbers either infants (recommended 1991) 1995) adolescence. results protective anti-HBs responses 95% healthy-term infants. Certain institutions test by measuring upon matriculation, even occurs greater than 2 vaccination. can assist clinicians, occupational health student providers, infection-control specialists, hospital training program administrators, others selection approach assessing HCP. emphasizes importance all HCP, provides explicit previously (particularly those infancy adolescence), clarifies postexposure management exposed fluids.