Immunotoxicology: An Overview:

摘要: It is now known that chemicals and drugs may induce selective toxicity which alter the interactions between immunocompetent cells, especially if occurs during proliferation differentiation. Hence, a flexible panel of sensitive in vivo vim assays has been developed validated to assess immunotoxicity or immunopharmacology suspect agents rodents. The combined use such sequential analysis methods with host resistance can effectively define immunomodulation following exposure xenobiotics. Methods development, refinement validation will be an ongoing requirement because our rapidly expanding knowledge cell biology immune system. Classic studies comparative preclinical toxicology several immunosuppressive have substantiated species similarities contributed significantly development predictive rodent models for extrapolation humans. Studies cyclosporin A, example, produced both desired pharmacology undesired at similar doses rodents When differences are observed they most probably due absorption, disposition, metabolism, excretion, delivered dose target tissue, rather than major cellular targets physiology. This assumption basis using predict under development. next few years present novel exciting challenges field as safety assessment issues emerge regarding use‘of species-specific recombinant biologicals (e.g., growth hormones, interferons, interleukins, tumor necrosis factor, defined vaccines), biological biochemical pesticides microbes), immunopharmacologically active drugs, monoclonal antibody reagents designed drug delivery detoxification vehicles. These require thoughtful application protocols reveal whether immunotoxic, active, immunogenic. design immunotoxicology based on understanding potential within system cells.