Trap Array Configuration Influences Estimates and Precision of Black Bear Density and Abundance

摘要: Spatial capture-recapture (SCR) models have advanced our ability to estimate population density for wide ranging animals by explicitly incorporating individual movement. Though these are more robust various spatial sampling designs, few studies empirically tested different large-scale trap configurations using SCR models. We investigated how extent of coverage and spacing affects precision accuracy parameters, implementing the R package secr. two trapping scenarios, one spatially extensive intensive, black bear (Ursus americanus) DNA data from hair snare arrays in south-central Missouri, USA. also examined influence that adding a second, lower barbed-wire strand snares had on quantity distribution detections. simulated test bias estimates each configuration under range detection parameter values. Field showed multiple with intensive produced detections individuals than coverage. Consequently, parameters were precise design. Density was estimated as 1.7 bears per 100 km 2 5.5 times greater sampling. Abundance 279 (95% CI=193–406) 16,812 study area. Excluding resulted loss 35 detections, 14 unique bears, largest recorded movement between snares. All simulations low both configurations. Results demonstrated populations non-uniform density, optimizing tradeoff among spacing, coverage, sample size is critical importance estimating high accuracy. With limited resources, allocating available traps increased amount information needed inform precision.