Endemic Infection of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis in Costa Rica: Implications for Amphibian Conservation at Regional and Species Level

摘要: Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) has been associated with the severe declines and extinctions of amphibians in Costa Rica that primarily occurred during 1980s 1990s. However, current impact Bd infection on amphibian species is unknown. We aimed to update list evaluate prevalence intensity across country aid development effective conservation strategies for amphibians. reviewed taxonomic lists included new descriptions records a total 215 Rica. also sampled at nine localities from 2015–2018 combined these data additional occurrence multiple studies conducted communities 2005–2018. With this dataset, we found was common (overall rate 23%) regions elevations, but below theoretical thresholds mortality. more prevalent Caribbean lowlands terrestrial an aquatic larval stage; meanwhile, load highest direct-developing (forest stream-dwellers). Our findings can be used prioritize groups strategies.