Sapphire: Properties, Growth, and Applications
作者： V.N. Kurlov
DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-12-803581-8.03681-X
关键词:
摘要: The main techniques of bulk sapphire crystal growth (i.e., Verneuil, Czochralski, Kyropoulos, HEM – heat exchange method, GSM gradient solidification and horizontal directed crystallization method are described shortly. Melt for production crystals with predetermined or variable cross-section Stepanov, EFG edge-defined film-fed growth, GES from an element shape, VST shaping technique, NCS noncapillary technique) shown. After that typical fiber EFG, micro zone floating, pulling down, ICM internal µ-PD down also presented.
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