Regional climate simulation with a high resolution GCM: surface hydrology

摘要: Aspects of the surface hydrology high resolution (T106) versions ECHAM3 and ECHAM4 general circulation models are analysed over European region compared with available observations. The focus is on evaporation, measurements shown to be useful for identification systematic deficiencies in regional-scale performance climate an annual seasonal basis, such as excessive summer dryness continents. mean evaporation at observation sites overestimated by 4 mm/month T106, quantitatively consistent net radiation Wm–2 Europe. In winter, shows which compensates downward sensible heat flux. This primarily related a too strong zonalisation large-scale flow associated warm air advection windspeed. Inaccurate local land parameters (e.g. leaf area index, roughness length) minor contributors overestimation. early summer, solar calculated scheme generates large depletion soil moisture reservoirs. favours subsequent Europe low values convective precipitation content, leading temperature. T106 simulation, problem largely reduced, simulated well precipitation, cloud amount content during substantially improved. new appears important factor this improvement, since it calculates smaller insolation better agreement observations subsequently may avoid drying soil.