The accurate use of impedance analysis for the study of microbial electrochemical systems.

摘要: The present critical review aims to portray the principles and theoretical foundations that have been used for application of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) study electron-transfer mechanisms, mass transfer phenomena distribution heterogeneous properties microbial systems (MXCs). Over past eight years, this method has allowed major breakthroughs, especially in field fuel cells (MFCs); however, it is still most widely extended only calculation internal resistances. use interpretation EIS should greatly improve since intrinsic knowledge field, efforts current trends already its understanding based on rather meaningful physical not fitting electrical analogues. From perspective, use, analysis applied MXCs are critically examined. Together with revision more than 150 articles directly devoted topic, two examples correct improved data extensively presented. first one focuses graphical methods improving other concentrates elucidation constant phase element (CPE) parameters. CPEs introduced equivalent circuit models, sometimes without solid justification or analysis; effective capacitance obtained from CPE parameters, following an unsuitable theory case microbial–electrochemical interfaces. reviewed terms such as biofilm thickness. a finite-diffusion throughout estimation accurate values obtaining dimensionless numbers, Schmidt Sherwood, context dioxygen-reducing-biocathode, under different flow-rate conditions. emerging, but because promising potential renewable power generation, wastewater treatment energy-positive biorefining, among applications, becomes necessary boost our global capacities EIS—and interpretation—so we achieve better optimization these systems.