Emergency response after 9/11: the potential of real-time 3D GIS for quick emergency response in micro-spatial environments

摘要: Terrorist attacks at the World Trade Center (WTC) in New York City and Pentagon on September 11, 2001, not only affected multi-level structures urban areas but also impacted upon their immediate environment street level ways that considerably reduced speed of emergency response. In this paper, we examine potential using real-time 3D GIS for development implementation GIS-based intelligent response systems (GIERS) aim facilitating quick to terrorist (e.g. multi-story office buildings). We outline a system architecture network data model integrates ground transportation with internal conduits within into navigable GIS. important issues GIERS, especially need wireless mobile deployment. Important decision support functionalities GIERS are explored particular reference application network-based shortest path algorithms. Finally, present results an experimental integrated database Franklin County, Ohio (USA). Our study shows delay can be much longer than delays incurred system, have reducing these delays.