High perfomance liquid chromatography in pharmaceutical analyses.

摘要: In testing the pre-sale procedure marketing of drugs and their control in last ten years, high performance liquid chromatography replaced numerous spectroscopic methods gas quantitative qualitative analysis. first period HPLC application it was thought that would become a complementary method chromatography, however, today has nearly completely pharmaceutical The mobile phase with possibility transformation mobilized polarity during all other modifications depending upon characteristics substance which are being tested, is great advantage process separation comparison to methods. greater choice stationary next factor enables realization good separation. line connected specific sensitive detector systems, spectrafluorimeter, diode detector, electrochemical as hyphernated systems HPLC-MS HPLC-NMR, basic elements on based such wide effective method. purpose (HPLC) analysis any confirm identity drug provide results also monitor progress therapy disease.1) Measuring presented Fig. 1. chromatogram obtained for plasma depressed patients 12 h before oral administration dexamethasone. It may be used further our understanding normal disease human body trough biomedical therapeutically research investigation registration. analyses metabolites biological fluids, particularly plasma, serum or urine one most demanding but common uses chromatography. Blood, contains endogenous compounds often present concentrations much than those analyte. Analiyte low, case drugs, sometimes structurally very similar measured. binding protein occur decreases amount free compound To undertake fluids analyst facet several problems. problem due complex nature fluid, must isolated by an extraction technique, ideally should relatively clean extract, system capable resolving interest from co extractives. All mentioned when we using require selections detectors, phase, eluents adequate program UV/VIS versatile not always ideal since lack specificity means resolution analyte required. UV detection preferred offers excellent linearity rapid can performed against single standard determined. Diode array scanning useful peak identification monitoring purity they somewhat less then wavelength detectors. some components have poor chromophores if retained column. Fluorescence only considerably more towed appropriate analytes selective detectors many compounds. If at possible fluorescence sensitive, stable, easy operate. selectivity shows itself frontal observed extract whereas associated major tails considerably. date, been reductive giving classes drugs. Several oxidative developed fluids. Mass spectrometer variation ionisation interface (thermo spray, moving belt etc. ) chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry2,3,4,5). NMR used. development non-aqueous eluent ion-exchange silica provided which, conjugation permits extensive range especially metabolites. New packing materials polymeric, base deactivated silica's, pyrolysed carbon internal surface offer improved stability higher efficiencies certain Microbore columns accepted sensitivity lower solvent consumption consequently reduced needs dispose noxious solvents. Many still same unmodified buffered about pH 9. Neutral weakly acidic instance barbiturates chromatographed reversed whilst example paracetamol, cannabis separated either ion suppression ion-pair reversed-phase material. micelar phases instead conventional hydro organic electrostatic hydrophobic steric interactions exist between solute both phases. These enable samples different nature. main advantages use solution cost toxicity, biodegradability dissolution analytical samples, determination physiological without need previous proteins samples. Using tetrabutylammonium phosphate competing sulphonamides heptanes sulfonate pairing reagent. Ion reagent term describe enhanced retention result addition large opposite charge molecular ions separated. For cations alkyl sulphates sulfonates generally utilised.