Toenail trace element levels as biomarkers: reproducibility over a 6-year period.
作者： M J Stampfer , W C Willett , V L Spate , B A Rosner , J S Morris
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摘要: We assessed the reproducibility over a 6-year period of 16 trace elements measured in toenails by comparing levels paired specimens collected 1982-1983 and 1988 from 127 women United States. The Spearman correlation coefficients for toenail selenium arsenic (both known to reflect intake these elements) were 0.48 0.54. Correlations other ranged 0.26 (copper) 0.58 (zinc). In utilizing biomarkers assess exposure epidemiological studies cancer chronic disease, random within-person variability leads attenuation measures association between disease. demonstrate effect such on odds ratios hypothetical case-control study. For true ratio 3.0 (for comparison highest quintile versus remaining 4 quintiles exposure) which would be observed presence degree demonstrated this study 2.15 1.67 copper levels. Toenail concentrations certain are useful single sample is assumed represent long-term exposure. However, substantial may occur.
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